Marcel Duchamp Why Is the Fountain Art

The In-depth Artist of the What was Fountain originally submitted for and what happened to it? The 1917 urinal aka Fountain was originally put on display during a show promoting Avant grade art. Avant grade means advance guard which is a military term. Avant garde was art movement which originated in France in 1850 in order to open the eyes and more so, make fun of or shock the average or elite viewer. To put an everyday, ordinary item on display and call it art. For many of the upper class directors of the showing, this piece was ridiculous and they did not understand it and thought it an insult of sorts. Shortly after its first and only exhibit, the Fountain just happened to vanish. This particular piece was one of the more remembered pieces of these ready-mades that Duchamp produced. Other artists from 1850, which was the beginning of the Avant Garde Movement, to approximately 1970, also had well known pieces of art that was displayed to the elite, rich, and upper class viewers, including Andy Warhol, Rockefeller and Basquit. The pieces were to rattle there conscience and make them look deeper at ordinary pieces and more or less humble them in a way or make fun of their elite, snobbish, uptight, society waysSalvador Dali The Love of Zero, a 1927 film by Robert Florey. Is a piece of art like the Fountain plagiarism or is it art by virtue of selection? The piece of art similar to the Fountain could be considered plagiarism by some because the originality of the piece was not created by the artist themselves but by someone else. The artist merely used another persons ordinary, everyday invention or household item per say and displayed it as a piece of art. The ordinary item then transformed from the ordinary item with a humble use and purpose to a piece of art on display causing the viewer to search deeper for what the artist might have meant by using it. The same piece could also be considered Art by virtue of selection as well. Being that the particular art piece on display has a different meaning for each viewer; the same piece put on display by different artists would again have a different meaning to them as well. Any artist could have a collection of pieces that he feels is his very best masterpieces while a viewer may see that same collection as the worst thing he has ever seen. It is all in the eyes of the beholder. Art by virtue of selection means that is a selection from or by the artist as to what he feels is a appealing or is what he would like or prefer for himself. With that, we have to appreciate that each of us are unique and have our own individual tastes. 3. What is the Dada movement? What piece of art spawned the Dada movement? Dada movement originated in Zurich in 1916-1923 was also called (The Non Movement By Shelley Esaak). A group of artists and writers, during World War 1 went against the war and the society and cultures of the viewer that condoned the war or caused its production . This group were similar to the hippies of the 60s, who protested against the government and war, but did so with humor, wittiness and sarcasm but not anger as the later. , Duchamp, being among that group, was the creator of many of those sarcastic pieces and had made fun of already well known pieces of art. They took different subjects, altered them in hoping that the upper class citizens or the elite would love it, hate it or take it as the sarcastic, humorous and witty piece they had intended for it to be. A good example of this is the portrait painting of the infamous Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci. Duchamp had doodled a mustache and goatee on the womans face. Of course this was humorous. to many and insulting to others, more so to the elite, high society followers of the latter. Duchamp and his fellow artists were not necessarily defiling or demeaning the art nor trying to be angry and confrontational; but more so get the attention of the viewer to not focus on the war at hand, their high life living, governmental rules and beliefs 4. Look through Duchamps other artwork? What pieces do you like and why? What was his inspiration for those pieces? After researching with great intrigue and interest in the meanings of not only Marcel Duchamps work, but his entire lifes events. He seemed to have such a deep, comical at times to the point of almost sadness image and view of the world around him. It is hard to decide if he is mocking society, making fun of it and thinks him superior to just very observant to the human perception. I was especially interested on his self portrait of himself as an infamous, black, socialite, librarian, Belle da Costa Greene. Whose parents had. Resided in the nations capital until they divorced . Her, her mother and siblings were able to play off that they were of a white heritage with their light skin. She went on to be the personal librarian to JP Morgan and then to his son Jack. With her profound beauty and outspoken intelligence, she became accepted as a highly elite socialite among the tradesman, dealers and Madison Avenues society. She had never married and lived as the Morgans personal librarian till her death retirement in 1948 and death two years later. Her well known expertise and unlimited available funds to make trades for her extensive built library she was very well respected and able to be mingle amongst the highest society groups, she once announced, Just because I am a librarian with a and inheriting a large sum of money An announcement she had made as a motto per say for herself, Just because I am a librarian, doesnt mean I have dress like one. She had designer clothing and rare exotic looks, was once asked if she was Mr. Morgans mistress and her only response was We Tried Mr. Morgan had left her $50,000. 00 in his will. The in-depth information was forthcoming to the conclusion of my personal perception and Marcel Duchamps meaning behind the portrait of himself dressed as an elegant socialite: Rrose Selavy Was he making fun of her and the secrets she kept of hersefl througout her life or was he just intrigued by her as well as others who was her aqaintances? I find it interesting take as to think he would be using her as a readymade perhaps Rrose Selavy (Marcel Duchamp).

Personal Reflection Essay for Trip to Buddhist Temple Essay

This Sunday morning I had the opportunity to witness my first Buddhist temple service at the Toledo Zen Center. My classmate, Tasi, accompanied me and we arrived to the service around 10:30 in the morning. When we first entered the temple we were both greeted by the man whom I had spoken with about coming, but were instantly amazed at the amount of color there was within the temple and how beautiful it was. I immediately noticed how unique and unusual it was in appearance compared to any religious service that I had ever attended. From the beginning, I was intrigued and was looking forward to observing the Buddhist rituals and routines. After we were greeted we took our seats towards the back of the temple, as that was where we felt most comfortable. I noticed that there were many large pictures of Buddha and his two disciples that surrounded the people. The people participating in the service laid out a mat on the floor and began to kneel around the food they had placed on the mat as well. The monks began reciting a blessing in what they called Pali. Once they had gone through this stage, they began to speak or sing what I believe were verses from their scriptures. Eventually they all turned into a prayer-like position and began to pray. They remained in prayer-like position for almost an hour and after that they began to meditate. At the point that they began meditating, Tasi and I had to leave the service. I feel as though attending this service did confirm my perception of what a Buddhist service would be like. The way in which I had envisioned their services was very similar to the way in which it turned out to be. It was a very calming and relaxing environment and there were very little interaction within the people, other than the chanting of the scriptures. The only aspect of the service that was I was surprised by was the fact that was very little music or anything that could even resemble music within the service. I generally think of a service having some type of instruments playing, but there were no instruments or any form of music other than the people themselves. I personally found the religious activities that they performed to be very calming, soothing and perhaps rejuvenating. I enjoyed the chanting of the scriptures, as I feel that it made you feel and believe what you were learning and hearing even more so. In addition, I was very fond of the many pictures of the Buddha. The strange aspect to me was the lack of interaction between the people. That is an aspect of the religion that I was unable to relate to, but perhaps that is what makes the service so calming. I am unsure if this aspect is something that I would be able to handle very well, but overall I cannot say that there were really any parts of the service that offended me. I came into the experience rather open-minded and interested in really learning what their service was like in relation to the services I attend on a regular basis. All in all, I can definitely say that this was a positive experience for me. I thoroughly enjoyed the opportunity to take part in this service and felt very welcomed throughout the entire service. I was impressed by the reaction the people had to the meditation and felt as though I learned a lot from the trip as a whole. Although this may not be my religion of choice, I felt as though I benefited a great deal from expanding my knowledge on the Buddhist temple services and would definitely not be opposed to returning.

Analysis of the Article: “The New Psychology of Leadership” Essay

Analysis of the Article: â€Å"The New Psychology of Leadership† Scientific American Mind Journal, August 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The article by Stephen D. Reicher tells us about how the definition of â€Å"Leaders† has been changed over time, and how it transformed to suit today’s society (Reicher, Platow and Haslam). It tells about how this effective leadership contradicted the conventional notion of what a leader should be, how a leader should act. It gave the September 11 bombing, where President George W. Bush has stepped up to give us a clear definition of what today’s leaders are like. Bush was merely an example, and that there are other aspects that would give a meaning to the â€Å"leaders† of today, redefining the belief that it only takes willingness and character to become a successful leader.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first point that was stressed, and that was manifested by President Bush during the 9/11 bombing was that leaders have been remodeled by the society today. It is not only willingness and character that the people need. Today’s leaders should also be able to act or be like them, be one with the people. Through that, there will be unity; and with a unified following, the leader can then mobilize these people to achieve the changes, as for the time of the bombing, was the call for America to act as one against terrorism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the article, there are several changes that have been shown when it comes to a characteristic that a leader should possess. The first of these changes was about charisma, evolving to a consensus. The notion about how leaders should possess charisma in order to attain success have been slowly shadowed by the fact that charismatic leaders are not effective leaders if they wont be able to get something going. It was then replaced by how well a leader adapts to his situation, and how he is able to lead people, which defines him as a leader. He should not be defined as how many people he can convince, instead he should be defined by how many people he was able to mobilize and bring out changes with his leadership.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another defining character that an effective leader should possess is to be able to blend in with the crowd, the very people he is leading and supervising. He should be one of the gang, and not to be seen as the high-and-mighty sovereign ruler of the land. This is to gain the confidence and the respect of the people. If he is able to be seen as someone like them or someone who understands them, then the leader would definitely have their trusts and be able to mobilize these people toward the goals and objectives of the leaders which are also for the people’s interests.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The leader should also be fair with his constituents or to those who are in lower positions from them. This is to maintain the trust and the positive outlook from these people, for them to think that these leaders are not taking advantage of their position, or that these leaders do not deserve their position at all. It is through their followers that the leader will be able to determine what to do, which is usually dependent on how the group thinks. Fairness can be observed by effective leaders in resolving problems between members, wherein there should be no favoritism shown. The leader should also be able to verbalize their leadership, being able to wield words and deliver them correctly to the people. This is one way of strengthening his command and building the respect of his followers, so that they can be effectively mobilized by the leaders.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This article is a useful source of information on how a person can be an effective leader. This also updates us of how the society today defines an effective leader. This is because an effective leader doesn’t have a constant or concrete definition, of what should possess to become an effective leader. It still lies on his constituents, in his followers, that would define him on how a leader should be. This is because a leader is also a servant, and that is why a leader also has to be of service to others, which are the general public. Reicher, Stephen D., Michael J. Platow, and S. Alexander Haslam. â€Å"The New Psychology of Leadership†.   2007.   Scientific American Mind. August 9 2007. .

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Wildlife Management and Animal Rights - Essay Example They refer to such usage as exploitation. Such information is misleading and not worth following. Animals are there for easing human efforts and utilization daily life. It would, therefore, trigger some king of primitive report to commence comparing animals at the level of human beings. Even the domestic animals are on the inclusion in the table. They are critical in the provision of basic human wants such as milk and meat, hence improving the global economic aspects. A third of the global population has dependence on the animals for their live food and survival. It would be understatement to call upon the government wildlife department to call it official that all the domestic animals ought to be treated as human beings (Wywialowski, 1991). Animal’s rights and welfare should only rotate around ensuring that the animal has good shelter, enough food, and is not overworked. In essence, these are the triad consisting of the best animal care and welfare. Any other form is a gross obsession, and the wildlife managers ought to put that in consideration to avoid immense conflicts that occur between them and the animal rights activists. Wywialowski, A. P. (1991). Implications of the Animal Rights Movement for Wildlife Damage Management. Great Plains Wildlife Damage Control Workshop Proceedings, paper 7. Retrieved from DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln

Structured Essays Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Structured Essays - Essay Example The fear of a German uprising was no longer in the minds of the French as all the land that Germany was required to hand over was returned; the most important regions being Alsace and Lorraine. Germany's army was down sized to a maximum of 100,000 men; they were denied the use of tanks. The air force was disbanded and the navy was only allowed to staff and operate six ships; however, no submarines were allowed to remain operational. The land fifty kilometres east of the Rhine was pronounced a demilitarised zone, where no soldier with a weapon could enter. Overseas land previously owned by Germany was given to different European countries. The Saar, Danzig and Memel were put under the control of the League of Nations. One of the more important outcomes was the "War Guilt Clause" that required Germany to take on full responsibility for starting the war. This was important as it would show the world France's reason for participation in the war was only to defend against the German attacks. This also meant that Germany would have to pay reparations to France for the physical damage caused during the war. Wilson was very pleased because as a result of the Paris Peace Conference his vision of the League of Nations had become a reality. ... He said as much: "To promote international co-operation and to achieve international peace and security." (Wilson) The cost of creating the League was losing his other 13 original ideology points to gain the global support that was necessary to start the League and make it a success. As the post-war world was in struggle of finding peace, there were a lot of countries intrigued by the international organisation that promised to bring the world peace. Wilson was of a peace loving nature and was clearly angered by the great number of restrictions Germany had to agree to in the Treaty as well as all the reparations they had to make. The harsh conditions that were imposed on Germany embarrassed and shamed Wilson. Nevertheless, he was very satisfied with the start of the League of Nations. One fact to be noted is that reparations to the United States were not mandated in the Treaty. It is true that the losses of the United States were not on the same scale as Britain and France because of their late entrance into the war. Lloyd-George was perhaps the least satisfied with the final terms of the treaty because of Clemenceau's persistence to bankrupt the German economy. As Lloyd-George's key point was to keep Germany's economy as stable as possible so as to increase European market strength, he was not happy with the end result. Most people in Great Britain had wished for revenge on Germany, and indeed received satisfaction as many of Germany's colonies went to Lloyd-George such as Egypt and parts of China, including important, major trading ports. These acquisitions greatly enriched great Britain's economy, a large amount of wealth coming from the

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 35

History - Essay Example Religious Concepts: The religious concepts of this region are also very unique as compared to the rest of the world. This is again due to the lack of access to this region from foreign powers. The main ancient religion in this area was Shangdi. This was the worship of one Supreme Being or power known as heaven or god. Other religions such as Confucianism and Taoism were developed later. Culture: The highlight of this region’s culture is their association of philosophy and religion. The Chinese culture is inspired by Confucianism, with calligraphy being their most prominent art from. Development of Political, Economic and Social Organizations: The development of an economic organization can be detected to more than a thousand years in this region. The political organization however is still new and is marked by the recent communist ideology of China which dominates this region geographically. Religious Concepts: The two main religions of the region are Hinduism and Islam. Hinduism is practiced mostly in the subcontinent. As a culture this region has always shown close association to religion. Culture: The culture of this region is rich with art, poetry and architecture. This region has produced some phenomenal poets like Mirza Ghalib. The art and poetry of this region is reflected strongly in the local religion Hinduism. Development of Political, Economic and Social Organizations: Due to a very long occupation by Britain, the region has not yet developed in terms of social or political organization and therefore is in the initial stages of development. Some progress has been shown both in economic and political organization by

Consumer Law in United Kingdom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Consumer Law in United Kingdom - Essay Example The paper tells that very many companies today use awkward tactics to make sales. These range from closing down sales that they let to run for as long as possible, to the special offers that do not really exist. Nonetheless, some of the offers they usually make are quite genuine. However, the way the sales are made to the customers usually leaves the customers perplexed and wondering what the salespersons are aiming. A sales man or woman may stay for very long, up to hours waiting for a customer or client to make a subscription and then go ahead to tell the customer that his or her income depends on the client paying up. No sound for alarm, though, because ever since 26th may 2008, laws have been put in place with the aim of militating against such practices. Consumer protection from unfair trading regulations 2008 (CPRs) have made it possible for the protection of consumers from exploitation, and unfair treatment through misleading omissions, misleading actions, or other aggressive practices that businesspersons engage in. Misleading actions according to the consumer protection regulations are such practices such as marketing or advertising goods that do not really exist in the first place. Businesspersons also offer also usually make advertisements of items that they do not really have enough of in their stock. This means they create excess demand for the little goods they have in their stock. This practice of advertising a commodity with no aim of meeting its demand is a misleading action on the part of the traders and sales persons. The consumer protection regulations also prohibit traders from lying about the goods they have, or marketing them to consumers as another product, in order to gain credibility. In any case, a trader has signed a code of practice, he or she should stand by it and obey it to the later, failing to do so; failing to follow the code of practice may result for charges on the grounds of breach of the Consumer Protection regulations (Wo odroffe 82). Misleading omissions on the other hand, applies to the act of traders being very economical with the truth about their products, or deliberately leaving out information that customers need in order to make decisions that are well informed. Under these consumer protection regulations, it is the responsibility of the traders to make sure information about the products they sell reaches the consumers and customers at the right time. Timeliness is important in business. This ensures that information gets to consumers when they really need it; and not very late, that they can no longer use the information (Sealy 54). The aggressive practices are the sales tactics that really influence the process of decision making of consumers and customers in general. ThiAQAs means that the traders who ‘force customers’ to make decisions through threatening behavior, and do not give consumers breathing space, will be, under the regulations of consumer protection, committing an offence. In practicing these consumer protection regulations on traders, it is not just enough to demonstrate the deed. The accuser has to show that the consumer’s decision was indeed, influenced by the practice the trader is guilty of doing. The new rules set out by the United Kingdom to govern consumer protection against traders who are rogue came into effect in 2008. For the first time in the history of the United Kingdom, traders will not be allowed to trade unfairly to their customers. This does not mean that they will be restricted from making their own profits as they would; they are only required to follow the guidelines stipulated by the consumer